FOOD POISONING
Introduction:
Food poisoning is an acute gastroenteritis caused by the consumption of a food material or a drink which contains the pathogenic micro organism or their toxins or toxic chemicals.Food poisoning is common in hostels,hotels,communal feedings, and festivel seasons.
A cluster of persons can be affected with same type of symptoms ,and they provide a history of consumption of a typical food before few hours.
Types of food poisoning
one) Bacterial food poisoning:
Here the micro organisms called bacteria are responsible.The food material may contain the pathogenic bacteriae or their toxin and can be ingested along with the food.
2) Non bacterial food poisoning:
Due to the presence of toxic chemicals like fertilizers,insectisides,heavy metals and ect.
Since bacterial food poisoning is common it is mentioned here.
Bacterial food poisoning:
All bacteria don’t seem to be harmful.There are some pathogenic bacteria which secrete toxins and cause clinical manifestations.These organisms enter {the human body} through food articles or drinks.
How food poisoning occures:
1) Presence of bacteria in the water.
2) The raw materials for the food could contain toxins.
three) Premises where the food is prepared might contain micro organisms or toxins.
four) Food handlers may have some infectious diseases.
5) Some animals like dogs,rats could contaminate the food.
vi) If ready food is kept in the room temperature for a while and heated again will create a chance for food poisoning.
7) Purposely some body mixing toxins in the food.
Some common bacterial food poisonings.
one) Salmonella food poisoning:
There are three completely different styles of salmonella bacteria.(salmonella typhimurium,salmonella cholera suis,salmonella enteritidis) These bacteria are present in milk, milk product and eggs. Symptoms of this food poisoning embrace nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Fever is also common.
a pair of) Botulism:
This is often the damaging sort of food poisoning caused by clostridium botulinum. The spores of those organisms are seen in the soil and enters {the human body} through pickles and canned fish ect.Compared to other food poisonings here vomiting and diarrhoea are rare Mainly the nervous system is affected.The symptoms starts with double vision,numbness with weakness.Later there will be paralysis with cardiac and respiratory failure ending in death.
three) Staphylococcal food poisoning:
It’s caused by staphylo coccus aureus. These organisms sometimes cause skin troubles like boils and eruptions.It causes mastitis in cow.Through the milk and milk merchandise it enders and causes gastroenteritis.There will be vomiting,abdominal cramps with diarrhoea.
four) Closteridium food poisoning:
This can be caused by closteridium perfringens.They are gift in stool,soil and water. They enter the body through,meat,meat dishes and egg ect.If food articles are cooked and kept in room temperature for a long time and heated once more before eating can result this food poisoning.Symptoms embody vomiting ,diarrhoea and abdominal cramps.
five) Bacillus cereus:
The spores of these organisms will survive cooking and causes enteritis. Diarrhoea and vomiting is common in this infection.
How to research food poisoning?
one) Examine each and every person affected.
2) Water sample should be tested.
3) Kitchen, store space and food samples should be examined.
four) The cook and food handlers should be questioned and examined.
5) Samples of vomitus and stool of all victims should be tested to identify the bacteria.
How to stop food poisoning:-
one) Only purified water ought to be used.
two) Hygiene ought to be maintained by all persons keeping contact with food.
three) Employees ought to use masks, cap and gloves throughout cooking and serving.
4) Sick people ought to not return connected with food materials.
5) Kitchen and premises ought to be neat and clean.
5) Vessels should be washed with soap and hot water.
vi) Ought to not keep the ready food for a very long time in room temperature.
seven) All food materials should be kept in closed containers.
eight) Animals like dog, cat, rat ect ought to not come in contact with food materials.
9) Vegetables should be washed before cooking.
ten) Meat ought to be contemporary and ought to be purchased from recognised slaughter house.
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